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Stock Secrets
Hi, my name is…well, let’s just call me ‘E.’ And
I’m a stockaholic.”
(Chorus from support group: “Hi, E.”)
I spend weekends
making and reducing stock. I have been known to scrounge through our compost bucket for leftover hunks of carrot and parsnip.
In my early days, I begged carcasses from relatives. I have berated my family for throwing away perfectly good shrimp shells
and the water we boiled a lobster in the day before. Just recently, I discovered that a nearby farm sells veal bones and made
my first score. My addiction is complete and irreversible.
Consequently, I have created some kick-ass stocks. But
I follow in the footsteps of greater addicts than myself. Read on…
How to add flavor.
It
almost goes without saying — a good stock is fundamental to any good soup or sauce. And in the cold days of winter,
a good soup nourishes the soul. So the more flavor in the stock…more soul to the food. More ‘mmm “ to the
mouth.
Mark Bittman of the New York Times writes in “How to Cook Everything” that a simple stock takes
very little effort — and it can be made with scraps of almost anything. He then goes on to talk about more things you
can do up the flavor. Common sense, but worth looking over:
- Generally,
don’t allow boiling. Gentle heat is better.
- Don’t forget to skim
the stuff on top of the stock as it simmers.
- Consider roasting your ingredients
before adding for a deeper flavor [more umami!].
- When you strain your stock,
press out the juices from your ingredients, unless you need a super-clear broth.
- Reducing
your stock increases the flavor; just strain and de-fat the stock first.
- Garlic
and mushrooms add flavor to stock, but make sure it’s a flavor you want. It cannot be removed.
What about canned stock? In Bittman’s opinion, “canned stock is far, far better than
nothing, and the right canned stock is better than the wrong one.” It’s also easy to boost the flavor in canned
stock. Just add a few vegetables or a bouquet garni for a few minutes.
Don’t want to load up on a lot of
extra vegetables in the fridge? Well, I suppose I can see that. Fortunately, your local grocery store has made your life easier.
Right on the shelves of the produce section is a one-pound assemblage of “vegetables for soup.” It has a piece
of celery, onion, turnip, carrot, even a bit of parsley and dill tucked in.
Other cooks are not so cavalier about stock.
The discovery of stock, the loss of the perfect stock…these are turning points in some cooks’ lives.
Jacques Pepin fondly recalls his early days in an American kitchen, reducing stocks to a demi-glace and selling them to other
places for side money (is that legal?). Julia Child in My Life in Paris recounts with horror how her husband
mistook her pot of perfect veal stock for the garbage bin, and dumped the dinner scraps into it. “I never said a word
about it,” she confessed in her memoir. But after 40 years, it still sticks.
In A Cook’s Tour,
Anthony Bourdain, sick from drinking snake wine the night before (or the anti-malarials), describes stumbling from his hotel
room in Saigon to an open air food market, where he took his place at a pho stand. The super-clear broth brought
him back to life. “Is there anything better to eat on this planet than a properly made bowl of pho? I don’t
know.” Pho, and there are many varieties, is a spicy noodle soup with clear flavorful broth, shreds of meat,
bean sprouts and condiments which you can add at will. Pronounced 'fuh', pho might have been named from pot-au-feu,
from the days when the French ruled Indonesia. “The pho is fantastic,” Bourdain continues. “Spicy,
hot, complex, refined, yet unbelievably simple.” A perfect stock.
Mark Ruhlman expounds at length
in The Elements of Cooking about the importance of stock. In fact, the very first sentence of the chapter
begins, “In the creation of good food, no preparation comes close to matching the power of fresh stock.” The book
also has a simple recipe for veal stock, which Ruhlman is admittedly fanatic about. “Honest to God,” he says,
“it's like magic, like getting your wings.”
Craig Sewell, who teaches a course on stocks in Annapolis, quotes the demi-god Escoffier. “Indeed, stock is everything in cooking…without
it nothing can be done.”
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| Craig Sewell explains the ins and outs of stock |
So what’s the secret?- Start from scratch. You can’t get a good stock out of something that’s already been cooked. “A
turkey carcass has already given all it has to give,” says Sewell. Don’t ask more from it.” Get a
fresh chicken, get bones that haven’t been roasted to pieces. Younger bones are better bones; more collagen.
- You don’t have to cook your stock forever. The old tried-and-true stock recipes have
two or three hour time frames (or longer) but a fish fumet takes only a few minutes. And a quick chicken stock recipe follows.
- Make a mirepoix. A mirepoix is usually a combination of onions, carrots and celery
in a 2:1:1 ratio. Dice according to how long you’ll be cooking your stock. The smaller the dice, the shorter the time.
- Make a bouquet garni or a sachet d’epices.
Tie up some parsley, thyme with butcher’s twine, and put it in the pot with peppercorns and a bay leaf. Or put all the
ingredients in a little cheesecloth bag (the sachet) and put in the stock about an hour before it’s done.
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| Save the shrimp shells for a quick stock |
What equipment do you
need?
Kerry Smith, owner of The Cook’s Revenge, kitchen supplies in Annapolis, loves a good
stock, and conspires with some of the nearby restaurants to score his ingredients. What does the well-supplied kitchen need
for some great stocks? Well, a good stockpot, obviously. Some stock recipes call for a pot that you can put in the oven, so
all-stainless steel is good.
And other than that, good strainers or sieves, or both. Cook’s Revenge has
a set of three sieves that can sit over various size pots for $34. All nested together, the stainless steel sieves store easily
and are dishwasher friendly.
IMPORTANT! Word is that you can get veal bones at The Butcher’s
Block in Annapolis, if you’re ready for the real deal.
Try it. Just try it.
If you think stocks aren’t worth it,
or too much time for too little reward, it’s time you tried again. Here’s a quick recipe a friend who's
a chef "that’s cheaty, but fine in a pinch.
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| Contact the Butcher's Block for ingredients |
Quick Chicken Stock
1 T Vegetable Oil 1 Onion, Medium
Dice 4 lbs Chicken Legs/backs/or wing tips cut into 2” pieces 2 q. boiling water 2 t. Salt 2 Bay
leaves
Heat oil in a large stockpot over medium high heat. Add onion and sauté until colored and slightly
soft. Remove from pot.
Add chicken pieces to pot and saute until lightly browned (4 to 5 min.). It may help to
do this in two batches to achieve even brown-ness. Return onion to pot with chicken and reduce heat to low. Cover and cook
about 20 minutes until chicken releases juices.
Increase heat to high and add boiling water, salt and bay
leaves. Return to a simmer and simmer until stock is rich and flavorful, about 20 minutes.
Strain stock and discard
solids. Stock should be defatted before use.
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